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From kankkune Fri Dec 20 11:17:53 1991 remote from cs.Helsinki.FI
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Date: Fri, 20 Dec 91 21:17:42 +0200
From: kankkune@cs.Helsinki.FI (Risto Kankkunen)
Message-Id: <9112201917.AA04379@hydra.Helsinki.FI>
X-Mailer: Mail User's Shell (7.2.0 10/31/90)
To: ghost@aladdin.com
Subject: Here is a unix manual page for gs 2.3
I was installing gs version 2.3 when I noticed, that there was only the
very minimal manual page for it. So, I wound up hacking one from the
file use.doc by reorganizing, adding formatting and some bits and pieces
of my own. I thought you might find use to it, so I'm sending it here to
you. Below is the troff source and after that is a pre-fomatted version,
in case you don't have access to troff and want to see what the file
looks like. The files are separated with cut lines and total about 14K,
so I think this should get to you without truncation.
- cut here --- cut here --- cut here --- cut here --- cut here --- cut here -
.TH GS 1 "20 December 1991"
.SH NAME
gs \- ghostscript previewer, version 2.3.
.SH SYNOPSIS
.B gs
[
.B \-D
.Iname
.B \-S
.I name
.B \-q
.B \-g
.I number1
x
.I number2
.B \-I
.I directories
.B \-h \- \-\-
.I prog args...
]
[
.I file
]...
.SH DESCRIPTION
Ghostscript is a programming language similar to Adobe Systems'
PostScript (tm) language, which is in turn similar to Forth.
.B Gs
reads
.I file
and displays or prints it as a Ghostscript file to an output device.
To invoke the interpreter, give the command
.B gs
.I filename1 ... filenameN.
The interpreter will read in the files in sequence and execute them.
After doing this, it reads further input from the primary input stream
(normally the keyboard). Each line (i.e. characters up to a
.B <return>
) is interpreted separately. To exit from the interpreter, type
.B quit<return>.
The interpreter also exits gracefully if it encounters end-of-file.
Typing the interrupt character, e.g.,
.B control-C,
is also safe.
.SH OPTIONS
The interpreter recognizes several options described below, which may
appear anywhere in the command line and apply to all files thereafter.
.TP
.B \-\-
.I filename arg1 ...
Takes the next argument as a file name as usual, but takes all remaining
arguments (even if they have the syntactic form of switches) and defines
the name
.B ARGUMENTS
in
.B userdict
(not
.B systemdict
) as an array of those strings,
.I before
running the file. When
.B gs
finishes executing the file, it exits back to the shell.
.TP
.B \-Dname\=token
.TP
.B \-dname\=token
Define a name in
.B systemdict
with the given definition. The token must be exactly one token (as
defined by the
.B token
operator) and must not contain any whitespace.
.TP
.B \-Dname
.TP
.B \-dname
Define a name in
.B systemdict
with value null.
.TP
.B \-Sname=string
.TP
.B \-sname=string
Define a name in
.B systemdict
with a given string as value. This is different from
.B \-D.
For example,
.B \-Dname=35
is equivalent to the program fragment
.B /name 35 def
whereas
.B \-Sname=35
is equivalent to
.B /name (35) def.
Note that
.B gs_init.ps
makes
.B systemdict
read-only, so the values of names defined with
.B \-D
or
.B \-S
cannot be changed (although, of course, they can be superseded by
definitions in
.B userdict
or other dictionaries).
Ghostscript may be built with multiple output devices (you can see the
list of supported devices by giving the command
.B gs \-h
). Ghostscript normally opens the first one and directs output to it.
To use device
.I xyz
as the initial output device, include the option
.B \-sDEVICE\=
.I xyz
in the command line. Note that this switch must precede the first .ps
file, and only its first invocation has any effect.
Including
.B \-dNODISPLAY
in the command line will suppress the normal initialization of the
output device. This may be useful when debugging. Similarly,
.B \-dNOCACHE
disables character caching, and
.B \-dNOBIND
disables the 'bind' operator.
.B \-dNOPAUSE
disables the prompt and pause at the end of each page; this may be
desirable for applications where another program is 'driving'
.B gs.
.TP
.B \-q
Quiet startup \- suppress normal startup messages, and also do the
equivalent of
.B \-dQUIET.
.TP
.B \-g
.I number1
x
.I number2
Equivalent to
.B \-dDEVICEWIDTH\=
.I number1
and
.B \-dDEVICEHEIGHT\=
.I number2.
This is for the benefit of devices (such as display windows) that
require (or allow) width and height to be specified.
.TP
.B \-I
.Idirectories
Adds the designated list of
.I directories
at the head of the search path for library files. This path is used to
locate the initialization and font files, and also files given to the
.B run
operator.
.B gs
searches these files using the specified
.B \-I
options, the contents of the environment variable
.B GS_LIB
and some site specific default values.
To work properly
.B gs
needs to have access to the initialization files
.B
gs_init.ps, gs_statd.ps, gs_fonts.ps
and various font files (these usually have extension .gsf or .pfa). The
program is usually configured so that it finds these files
automatically. You can use the
.B \-I
option if you want to add your own fonts or override the system
initialization files.
.TP
.B \-h
Prints a short usage message listing the available command line options
and supported output devices.
.TP
.B \-
This is not really a switch. It indicates to
.B gs
that the standard input is coming from a file or a pipe.
.B gs
reads from stdin until reaching end-of-file, executing it like any other
file, and then continues processing the command line. At the end of the
command line,
.B gs
exits rather than going into its interactive mode.
.SH X WINDOW SYSTEM RESOURCES
.B gs
looks for the following resources under the program name
.B Ghostscript:
.TP
.B borderWidth
the border width in pixels (default = 1)
.TP
.B borderColor
the name of the border color (default = black)
.TP
.B geometry
the window size and placement, WxH+X+Y
.TP
.B xResolution
the number of x pixels per inch (default is computed from
.B WidthOfScreen
and
.B WidthMMOfScreen
)
.TP
.B yResolution
the number of y pixels per inch (default is computed from
.B HeightOfScreen
and
.B HeightMMOfScreen
)
.SH EXAMPLES
To change output to printer in a normal configuration that includes an
PaintJet printer driver, you might use the shell command
.B gs \-sDEVICE\=paintjet myfile.ps
instead of just
.B gs myfile.ps
Alternatively, you can type
.B (paintjet) selectdevice
.B (myfile.ps) run.
All output then goes to the printer instead of the display until further
notice. You can switch devices at any time by using the selectdevice
procedure, e.g.,
.B (x11) selectdevice
or
.B (paintjet) selectdevice
To find out what devices are available, just type
.B devicenames.
.SH FILES
.TP
.B gs_fonts.ps
Font initialization.
.TP
.B gs_init.ps
Various initialization routines.
.TP
.B gs_statd.ps
Dummy
.B statusdict
definitions for the benefit of PostScript files that think they are
being printed on a hardcopy printer.
.TP
.B Fontmap
A catalog of fonts known to
.B gs.
Lists the GhostScript name, corresponding font file name, font encoding
and font identification number for each font that
.B gs
knows.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
dvi2ps(1), lpr(1)
.SH BUGS
Beta Software.
See the netnews group ``gnu.ghostscript.bugs''.
- cut here --- cut here --- cut here --- cut here --- cut here --- cut here -
GS(1) USER COMMANDS GS(1)
NAME
gs - ghostscript previewer, version 2.3.
SYNOPSIS
gs [ -D -S _n_a_m_e -q -g _n_u_m_b_e_r_1 x _n_u_m_b_e_r_2 -I _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_i_e_s -h -
-- _p_r_o_g _a_r_g_s... ] [ _f_i_l_e ]...
DESCRIPTION
Ghostscript is a programming language similar to Adobe Sys-
tems' PostScript (tm) language, which is in turn similar to
Forth. Gs reads _f_i_l_e and displays or prints it as a
Ghostscript file to an output device.
To invoke the interpreter, give the command gs _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e_1 ...
_f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e_N. The interpreter will read in the files in
sequence and execute them. After doing this, it reads
further input from the primary input stream (normally the
keyboard). Each line (i.e. characters up to a <return> ) is
interpreted separately. To exit from the interpreter, type
quit<return>. The interpreter also exits gracefully if it
encounters end-of-file. Typing the interrupt character,
e.g., control-C, is also safe.
OPTIONS
The interpreter recognizes several options described below,
which may appear anywhere in the command line and apply to
all files thereafter.
-- _f_i_l_e_n_a_m_e _a_r_g_1 ... Takes the next argument as a file
name as usual, but takes all remaining arguments (even
if they have the syntactic form of switches) and
defines the name ARGUMENTS in userdict (not systemdict
) as an array of those strings, _b_e_f_o_r_e running the
file. When gs finishes executing the file, it exits
back to the shell.
-Dname=token
-dname=token
Define a name in systemdict with the given definition.
The token must be exactly one token (as defined by the
token operator) and must not contain any whitespace.
-Dname
-dname
Define a name in systemdict with value null.
-Sname=string
Sun Release 4.1 Last change: 20 December 1991 1
GS(1) USER COMMANDS GS(1)
-sname=string
Define a name in systemdict with a given string as
value. This is different from -D. For example,
-Dname=35 is equivalent to the program fragment /name
35 def whereas -Sname=35 is equivalent to /name (35)
def.
Note that gs_init.ps makes systemdict read-only, so the
values of names defined with -D or -S cannot be changed
(although, of course, they can be superseded by defini-
tions in userdict or other dictionaries).
Ghostscript may be built with multiple output devices
(you can see the list of supported devices by giving
the command gs -h ). Ghostscript normally opens the
first one and directs output to it. To use device _x_y_z
as the initial output device, include the option -sDEV-
ICE= _x_y_z in the command line. Note that this switch
must precede the first .ps file, and only its first
invocation has any effect.
Including -dNODISPLAY in the command line will suppress
the normal initialization of the output device. This
may be useful when debugging. Similarly, -dNOCACHE dis-
ables character caching, and -dNOBIND disables the
'bind' operator. -dNOPAUSE disables the prompt and
pause at the end of each page; this may be desirable
for applications where another program is 'driving' gs.
-q Quiet startup - suppress normal startup messages, and
also do the equivalent of -dQUIET.
-g _n_u_m_b_e_r_1 x _n_u_m_b_e_r_2 Equivalent to -dDEVICEWIDTH= _n_u_m_b_e_r_1
and -dDEVICEHEIGHT= _n_u_m_b_e_r_2. This is for the benefit of
devices (such as display windows) that require (or
allow) width and height to be specified.
-I Adds the designated list of _d_i_r_e_c_t_o_r_i_e_s at the head of
the search path for library files. This path is used to
locate the initialization and font files, and also
files given to the run operator. gs searches these
files using the specified -I options, the contents of
the environment variable GS_LIB and some site specific
default values.
To work properly gs needs to have access to the ini-
tialization files gs_init.ps, gs_statd.ps, gs_fonts.ps
and various font files (these usually have extension
.gsf or .pfa). The program is usually configured so
that it finds these files automatically. You can use
the -I option if you want to add your own fonts or
override the system initialization files.
Sun Release 4.1 Last change: 20 December 1991 2
GS(1) USER COMMANDS GS(1)
-h Prints a short usage message listing the available com-
mand line options and supported output devices.
- This is not really a switch. It indicates to gs that
the standard input is coming from a file or a pipe. gs
reads from stdin until reaching end-of-file, executing
it like any other file, and then continues processing
the command line. At the end of the command line, gs
exits rather than going into its interactive mode.
X WINDOW SYSTEM RESOURCES
gs looks for the following resources under the program name
Ghostscript:
borderWidth
the border width in pixels (default = 1)
borderColor
the name of the border color (default = black)
geometry
the window size and placement, WxH+X+Y
xResolution
the number of x pixels per inch (default is computed
from WidthOfScreen and WidthMMOfScreen )
yResolution
the number of y pixels per inch (default is computed
from HeightOfScreen and HeightMMOfScreen )
EXAMPLES
To change output to printer in a normal configuration that
includes an PaintJet printer driver, you might use the shell
command gs -sDEVICE=paintjet myfile.ps instead of just gs
myfile.ps Alternatively, you can type
(paintjet) selectdevice
(myfile.ps) run.
All output then goes to the printer instead of the display
until further notice. You can switch devices at any time by
using the selectdevice procedure, e.g., (x11) selectdevice
or (paintjet) selectdevice
To find out what devices are available, just type devi-
cenames.
FILES
gs_fonts.ps
Font initialization.
Sun Release 4.1 Last change: 20 December 1991 3
GS(1) USER COMMANDS GS(1)
gs_init.ps
Various initialization routines.
gs_statd.ps
Dummy statusdict definitions for the benefit of
PostScript files that think they are being printed on a
hardcopy printer.
Fontmap
A catalog of fonts known to gs. Lists the GhostScript
name, corresponding font file name, font encoding and
font identification number for each font that gs knows.
SEE ALSO
dvi2ps(1), lpr(1)
BUGS
Beta Software. See the netnews group
``gnu.ghostscript.bugs''.
Sun Release 4.1 Last change: 20 December 1991 4
- cut here --- cut here --- cut here --- cut here --- cut here --- cut here -
--
Risto Kankkunen kankkune@cs.Helsinki.FI (Internet)
Department of Computer Science kankkunen@finuh (Bitnet)
University of Helsinki, Finland ..!mcsun!uhecs!kankkune (UUCP)